Hydro testing safe distance formula: For the Hydro test safe distance Safe distance = (0.15)x(D)x(a)^0.4x(p)^0.6. Glen safety manual - pressure system safety w/change 1 (6/27/2014) and ASME PCC-2 are also useful documents. is it only length or only diameter or length divided by diameter ??? (b) The test medium must be liquid, air, natural gas, or inert gas that is -. Example - Pressure acting in water at depth 1 m . Access to the test area must be limited to essential personnel only barriers, warning signs, PA announcements, patrolling the test boundaries. stress value at Design temp. Learn more about the eCFR, its status, and the editorial process. As a Help Using The Pipeng Toolbox (opens in the popup workbook). Shell courses are 6ft . Have Many Safety Resources at our Partener Safety Bag, An advanced website of health, safety , security and environment providing many free services and guidelines by qualified Safety Professionals, HSSEWORLD Copyright All Rights Reserved 2022. Print Page. Werner Slken 2008 - Dont trust any freeware provided interwebs document when it comes to determining such important calculations. The person in the Charges Responsibilities as follows: Activity Requirements / Guidelines for pressure testing: Hydro & Pneumatic Strength Testing What to Look for: If there is a failure during the testing do the following: E-booksthe-safe-isolation-of-plant-and-equipment, Guide for Working With Corrosive Substances and how to avoid it, Photo of the day: If An Earthquake Shakes You-Infographic free. In a pipe 20 mtr long a pressure gauge (P2) is installed 0.5 mtr before outlet and at other end fluid is pumped in pipe at certain intial pressure P1.A flowmeter is installed in line just before P2. endstream
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192-85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998; Amdt. Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, or Safari. What is the pressure acting on the water at a depth of 3ft at 32F? Design pressure. The hoop stress should be calculated from the pressure difference during testing. n$N!MwXMzf.U X"x Pneumatic testing and very high-pressure hydro-testing conducted when the main test area is free of personnel. (a) Spike test requirements. endstream
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(6) Elevation variations, whenever significant for the particular test. Very high-pressure hydro-testing use the testing manifold and testing apparatus No alterations or modification permitted without Piping Production Engineers approval. Steel is A36 with Y = 36000psi and T=58000psi. is available with paragraph structure matching the official CFR D - Internal diameter (m) a - Length/diameter of the piece (m) p - Test pressure (bar) Safe Distance and Stored Energy Calculator for Pipelines - Pneumatic Test. I'm sure there are still a lot of space for improvement, in terms of pressure testing. Pressure monitoring to be conducted in any adjacent systems that are not positively isolated. To Calculated the Safe distance Click below. The R factor is required if the allowable stress at the test temperature is greater than the allowable stress at the design temperature. 2.3 Hydrostatic test water discharge will be continually monitored. If you work for a Federal agency, use this drafting Examine how the principles of DfAM upend many of the long-standing rules around manufacturability - allowing engineers and designers to place a parts function at the center of their design considerations. (689 kPa) gage and the pressure required to produce a hoop stress of 20 percent of SMYS; or. The pressuring valve should be locked in a closed position. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. h is the depth. Diameter (in) Pipeline Segment Length (ft) Test Pressure (PSI) Testing Allowance (gal/hr) Computed per latest edition ANSI/AWWA C600 Rev 2010. Formal records of pressure and leak testing are maintained and kept. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. Safe Pressure Testing 4 Pressure Testing Hazards 4 Injuries from Pressure Testing 4 Common Causes of Pressure Testing Failures 5 General Pressure Testing Safety 5 Safe Work Practices for Hydrostatic Testing 8 Safe Work Practices for Pneumatic Testing 11 Appendix A - Pre-Test Safety Planning Guidance 16 However, the maximum test pressure may not be more than 2.5 times the pressure determined under 192.121 at a temperature not less than the pipe temperature during the test. guide. This document is available in the following developer friendly formats: Information and documentation can be found in our Test requirements for pipelines to operate at a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i. ASME PCC-2-2008, Article 5.1, Mandatory. View the most recent official publication: These links go to the official, published CFR, which is updated annually. The density of water at 32 o F is 1.940 slugs/ft 3.The pressure acting in water at 3 ft can be calculated as. The most common liquid used for conducting a hydrostatic pressure test is water; however, other liquids can and have been used for hydrostatic pressure tests. 26, 1996; Amdt. Hydrotest Allowance Calculator. Step 5: Shut off the nozzle and allow the water flow from the top, and confirm the absence of the air bubble inside the specimen. is the fluid density of liquid. . 192-124, 83 FR 58719, Nov. 20, 2018]. 914 0 obj
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As possible so as to minimize the stored energy. Leakage usually occurs in joints and seams of the system. The Responsible Engineer should authorize tests above normal working pressure. Testing should be carried out underPTW, which is required for each test or at least a test package for the same location. y#TJ>lwV) b NH Thanks a lot, where D Internal diameter (m) Surprisingly, the same hydrostatic pressure will be present in the huge pool and thin pipe, provided they have the same height. Where p is the hydrostatic pressure. 192-120, 80 FR 12779, Mar. p = g h Hydro test safety distance. TNT = S t o r e d E n e r g y 4, 266, 920 (kg) as per equation II-3 from ASME PCC-2 Appendix 501-II. Calculate ASME B31.3 general pipe test pressure and hoop stress check from operating pressure, diameter, wall thickness, wall thickness tolerance and design stress. [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 26 October 2021 SLAC-I-730-0A21C-033-R004 3 of 8 . (b) Each segment of a service line (other than plastic) intended to be operated at a pressure of at least 1 p.s.i. Effective communication should be established. Place the weight hanger on the end of the balance arm and level the arm, using the counter weight, so that the balance arm is horizontal. 70co6kC} jz
RHdg|'1r?$>?s~,y3sm`Eb0+A4v@}\-Sh$oGq*EM#]R The pressure fluid at rest generates because of the earth's gravitational pull. 192-93, 68 FR 53901, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. (689 kPa) gage. How to calculate Hydrotest Pressure? 3 Pressure Vessels Hydrostatic testing for new vessels (field fabricated) shall be. For hydrotest the test factor = 1.5. Learn methods and guidelines for using stereolithography (SLA) 3D printed molds in the injection molding process to lower costs and lead time. The result will be. Test requirements for service lines. For the Hydro test safe distance. where D Internal diameter (m) If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. As per section 501-III-1 (b): Safe Distance (R) = Rs(2TNT)1/3 as per equation III-1 from ASME PCC-2 Appendix 501-III. (689 kPa) gage. The test pressure ratio = 1.5 for hydrotest, and pneumatic leak test. PLEASE SHARE THIS PAGE WITH YOUR RELEVANT FRIEND AND HELP TO PLANT MORE TREE TO PROTECT NATURE. The density of water at 4 o C is 1000 kg/m 3.The pressure acting in water at 1 m can be calculated as. For the Hydro test safe distanceSafe distance = (0.15)x(D)x(a)^0.4x(p)^0.6, where D Internal diameter (m)a Length/diameter of the piece (m)p Test pressure (bar), Safe Distance and Stored Energy Calculator for Piping Pneumatic Test. Safe distance = (0.15)x (D)x (a)^0.4x (p)^0.6. The calculated volume does not include the effect of pipe expansion due to the test pressure. You can verify it by following the next procedure: To increase hydrostatic fluid pressure at a specific point, we have to increase the vertical distance between the water source and the point. The safe evacuation of test liquids/gases. 5103, 60101 et. do yo have valid reference? mGK#i`(()C"-LJe$:D 5.@!D|[iXQY[x.7Cl%>>XCS1#r#ja|#r*2E55Pepm (621 kPa) gage. endstream
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Test requirements for pipelines to operate at a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i. It specifies to use 1 million. *Eng-Tips's functionality depends on members receiving e-mail. Have you ever wondered what is the pressure level in water compared to the atmospheric pressure? While pressure generally refers to any force applied into an area, hydrostatic pressure refers to the force that is generated on a region because of having a column of fluid at rest above that region. 192.507. 192.505 Strength test requirements for steel pipeline to operate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS. The cause of failure shall be determined and rectified before any further pressure testing is undertaken. In addition, in a Class 1 or Class 2 location, if there is a building intended for human occupancy within 300 feet (91 meters) of a pipeline, a hydrostatic test must be conducted to a test pressure of at least 125 percent of maximum operating pressure on that segment of the pipeline within 300 feet (91 meters) of such a building, but in no event may the test section be less than 600 feet (183 meters) unless the length of the newly installed or relocated pipe is less than 600 feet (183 meters). Equipment tested and calibrated (QC reviewed), PTW Issued and posted with the M/S (incl. Appropriate measures to manage the risk of a potential testing failure must be considered. But your every article is very information and in simple language. The figure below shows a component of a pipeline, which is launched at a pneumatic pressure test. Copyright 1998-2023 engineering.com, Inc. All rights reserved.Unauthorized reproduction or linking forbidden without expressed written permission. You are using an unsupported browser. Calculate test pressure for qualification of bonds on plastic pipe and fittings (ASME B31.3 annex A328.2.5). Inspect all equipment you use for the test such as hoses, pressure gauge, piping, . Pneumatic test Hydropneumatic test Alternative leak test. The notification must be made in accordance with 192.18 and must include the following information: (1) Descriptions of the technology or technologies to be used for all tests, examinations, and assessments; (2) Procedures and processes to conduct tests, examinations, assessments, perform evaluations, analyze defects, and remediate defects discovered; (3) Data requirements, including original design, maintenance and operating history, anomaly or flaw characterization; (4) Assessment techniques and acceptance criteria; (5) Remediation methods for assessment findings; (6) Spike hydrostatic pressure test monitoring and acceptance procedures, if used; (7) Procedures for remaining crack growth analysis and pipeline segment life analysis for the time interval for additional assessments, as required; and. - Pressure tests on the piping . formatting. . Caution tags to identify equipment and lines under test. 1431.0302 Hydrostatic Testing. Our hydrostatic pressure calculator uses the below hydrostatic pressure formula: p = g h + p0, where: p - Hydrostatic pressure; - Density of fluid; g - Gravitational acceleration (the average value for the Earth is g = 9.80665 m/s ); h - Depth; and. What is the pressure acting on the water at a depth of 1m at 4C? Read on if you want to find out how you can estimate fluid pressure using the hydrostatic pressure equation. NJd{2(&glx;9YPr$p; _uo;D]p(]}Y#Xv 1.20 atm or 120.94 kPa as per the Omnicalculator tool hydrostatic pressure calculator. (b) Each operator must maintain a record of each test required by 192.509, 192.511, and 192.513 for at least 5 years. (b) The test procedure must insure discovery of all potentially hazardous leaks in the segment being tested. Our hydrostatic pressure calculator uses the below hydrostatic pressure formula: The above formula for hydrostatic pressure determines buoyancy force, which was discovered for the first time by an ancient inventor Archimedes. Close examination of equipment at above maximum allowable working pressure shall not take place until the pressure has been held for 30 min. After the pressure has been released, the vent valves shall be opened. For ASME III piping and tubing systems the hydrostatic test pressure is often 1.25 P design to which are typically added a 6% code margin and a 75 psi test margin. hbbd``b`>$@AH0]
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The test pressure should be less than or equal to 1.5 x the rated pressure of the lowest rated component in the system. a is length / diameter of piece. Person . Login. This hydrostatic pressure calculator determines the pressure that arises at a certain depth of a liquid. For high pressure high temperature pipe the design stress should be divided by 1.155. hbbd```b``.dd"rwV9,nw`0 =$[JA w
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192.506 Transmission lines: Spike hydrostatic pressure test. Only essential personnel are allowed access to the test area, and then only after pressure has been held for a reasonable period. We are just following it. 2. site when drafting amendatory language for Federal regulations: This contact form is only for website help or website suggestions. information or personal data. here. As per rules for Pressure testing Lloyds register (96-02) Calculation of minimum safety distance for pressure testing (LLOYDS Register 96-02) form T-0240 sections 3.3 (fluid) L = 0.15 x D x 0.4 x (P / )0.6. Reply. The test pressure should be 1.5 x the pressure rating for pressure rated components. For hydrotest and component pneumatic tests the test factor = 1.25. Note : The choice of high pressure versus low pressure service is at the discretion of the owner (section FK300). find out the Cause of failure and rectified. (3) The component carries a pressure rating established through applicable ASME/ANSI, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. (MSS) specifications, or by unit strength calculations as described in 192.143. test, good over-pressure data was collected, but for the second test, the blast wa s much larger and the over-pressures have had to be inferred based on damage to surrounding GCPS 2018 The R factor is the ratio of allowable stress at the test temperature over the allowable stress at the design temperature. We have received your request and will respond promptly. In hydrostatic pressure testing, a liquid is used to check for leaks before putting a pressure vessel or pipeline into service. endstream
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Vent valves will open after pressure release. Calculate test pressure and hoop stress for low pressure plastic pipe (ASME B31.3 section A345). The R factor is required if the allowable stress at the test temperature is greater than the allowable stress at the design temperature. (3) Except for natural gas, nonflammable. (621 kPa) gage, except that each segment of a steel service line stressed to 20 percent or more of SMYS must be tested in accordance with 192.507 of this subpart. For fluids (3.3) it is : l = 0.15 x internal diameter x ( (alpha) ^ 0.4) x ( (test pressure / (cube root of density))^ 0.6. Hydrostatic Pressure Test Procedure. Blanking devices (spades blinds etc.) The most commonly used units of pressure are: Pa - pascals - it's the SI unit equal to one kilogram per square meter;; psi - pounds per square inch - 1 psi approximately equals 6895 Pa;; bar - it's the metric unit (not part of SI) equal to 100,000 Pa;; mmHg - millimeter of mercury - 1 mmHg approximately equals 133 Pa;; inHg - inch of mercury - 1 inHg approximately equals 0.49 . 6. 5.2. Only essential personnel are allowed access to the test area, and then only after pressure has been held for a reasonable period. If the pressure drops beyond the standard tolerable limit . Use the Result Table option to display the stress values for the selected stress schedule (click the Result Table button, and then click the make table button). If E <= 135,500,000 J, the safe distance to be maintained is greater of 30m or R calculated as per equation . The maximum hoop stress allowed is 100% of yield for hydrotest, and 90% of yield for pneumatic tests (the test pressure should be reduced if the hoop stress is exceeded). conducted as per 32-SAMSS-004 and the original construction code. endstream
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192-60A, 54 FR 5485, Feb. 3, 1989; Amdt. Refer to a standard for safe distance calculations Q1. Whenever the hoop stress of the segment of the pipeline being tested will exceed 50 percent of SMYS, the operator shall take all practicable steps to keep persons not working on the testing operation outside of the testing area until the pressure is reduced to or below the proposed maximum allowable operating pressure. The Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) is a continuously updated online version of the CFR. (d) During the test, the temperature of thermoplastic material may not be more than 100 F (38 C), or the temperature at which the material's long-term hydrostatic strength has been determined under the listed specification, whichever is greater. Background and more details are available in the 5- People working near the line under pressure should be reminded to keep the safety distance out of line. However, I can't find the document for confirmation. (689 kPa) gage. To familiarize the workforce with ongoingHydro Testing, Pneumatic Strength Testing, Line Blowing & Filling activities (Pressure Testing) safely All pressure and leak testing must have competed in accordance with the Procedure and Safe Work Method and Formal records of pressure and leak testing are maintained and kept and Work carried out by only qualified and experienced persons. (1) Compatible with the material of which the pipeline is constructed; (2) Relatively free of sedimentary materials; and. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. the hierarchy of the document. 890 0 obj
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Close this window and log in. B31.3 Clause 345.2.2 (a) - 10 minutes minimum. Organization and Purpose Promoting, selling, recruiting, coursework and thesis posting is forbidden. Could anyone advise me the Calculation of SAFETY DISTANCE for pressure testing; Based on my knowledge the following Code covers the equation; a) ASME PCC 2 Article 5.1, Mandatory Appendix III - Pneumatic safe distance. About this app. citations and headings Thank you for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out and take appropriate action. If an inspection is required within the hold period, then pressure should be reduced to 80% of the test figure. why not 2000000 & 3000000 ? Boiler external piping must be hydrostatic tested in accordance with PG-99 of ASME Code Section I. It reaches the highest known depth of 10.994 m. Let's use our hydrostatic pressure calculator to estimate the pressure at the bottom of the Marian Trench (remember to choose salty water with = 1022 kg/m). 192-120, 80 FR 12779, Mar. - Other Regulations Relating to Transportation, - Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Department of Transportation, - Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline: Minimum Federal Safety Standards, https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-192/subpart-J. The involved section was a bent pipe. Promoting, selling, recruiting, coursework and thesis posting is forbidden. p0 is the external pressure and is usually atmospheric pressure. Formula: D s = 63 x T s. where, D s = Minimum Safety Distance *, 63 = OSHA recommended hand speed constant in inches per second, and. Test requirements for pipelines to operate below 100 p.s.i. Hydrostatic testing is the most common method employed for testing pipes and pressure vessels. For all non-compressed gas type cylinders, you can use a manual or powered hydrostatic test pump as long as it meets the following requirem ents [29 CFR 1910.157(f)(15)(ii)]: It must be capable of producing at least 150 percent of the test pressure, and include the appropriate check valves and fittings. Personally, I have only two incidents experienced during pressure testing. Overview. The pipe inside or outside diameter should be the maximum allowed by the code. Try plus mode using the Plus Mode Demo tools with no login. The NCNR high pressure activity responsible reviews the experiment within this pressure range and may determine to approve the experiment. . All equipment, plant, and devices used for pressure and leak testing are properly rated, adequately calibrated, maintained, and checked. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. shall confirm the required equipment specification. A test pressure of 1.5 times the maximum allowable working pressure (a minimum of 20 psi for the oil side) is used for the test. 192-85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998; 86 FR 2241, Jan. 21, 2021; 86 FR 12836, Mar. Safe distance = (0.15)x(D)x(a)^0.4x(p)^0.6. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Choosing an item from As for me, I can be very brief with my answer.. A safe distance is difficult or impossible to determine in advance. Pressuring equipment should not be left unattended at any time during the test. Safe distance = (0.15)x (D)x (a)^0.4x (p)^0.6. Calculate ASME B31.3 metal pipe diameter, minimum wall thickness and pressure design thickness from pipe schedule or user defined diameter and wall thickness (ASME B31.3 section 304.1). To explore fluid pressure further, visit our PSI to GPM calculator. The Office of the Federal Register publishes documents on behalf of Federal agencies but does not have any authority over their programs. 192.513 Test requirements for plastic pipelines. (5) Pressure recording charts, or other record of pressure readings. You deserve for appreciation. please clarify. F-&9= The R factor is the ratio of allowable stress at the test temperature over the allowable stress at the design temperature. If the test temperature is lower than the operating temperature, the design pressure should be multiplied by the ratio of the design stress at the test temperature, over the design stress at the operating temperature (except for low pressure pneumatic test). Close this window and log in. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. p0 - External pressure (usually atmospheric pressure p0 = 1 atm = 1013. . These devices should be clearly visible to the person controlling the pressure. Already a Member? The calculator can solve this equation. In the event of a failure during the pressure test, the system will be immediately depressurized by cracking the vent on the test pump manifold. If you had to define a safe distance for this pressure test, were you able to provide this? Over the years, I have conducted hundreds of pressure tests, and I have collected a lot of documentation about this non-destructive test method. www.wermac.org uses For components, the test pressure should be less than or equal to 1.5 x the rated pressure. Metal 3D printing has rapidly emerged as a key technology in modern design and manufacturing, so its critical educational institutions include it in their curricula to avoid leaving students at a disadvantage as they enter the workforce. Daily I see practices that can and should be better. Personally, I believe that most accidents can be prevented during pressure testing, if a number of essential conditions, prior to the pressure test, are satisfied. ASME B31.3 Process Piping Allowable Bolt Load And Bolt Stress Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Basic Allowable Stress Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Bend Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Blank Flange Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Branch Reinforcement Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Design Factor Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Design Pressure Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Elastic Modulus Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Fluid Velocity And Flow Rate Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Fluid Volume And Mass Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Hoop Stress Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Line Pipe Schedule Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Mass And Weight Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Minimum Temperature For Impact Testing Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Plastic Component Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Stress Factor And Flexibility Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Thermal Expansion Calculation Module, ASME B31.3 Process Piping Wall Thickness Calculation Module, DNVGL RP F115 Pipeline Pre Commissioning Calculation Module, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Section 345 Pipe Test Pressure And Hoop Stress Check (Low Pressure Steel Piping), CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Section K345 Pipe Test Pressure And Hoop Stress Check (High Pressure Steel Piping), CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Section A345 Pipe Test Pressure And Hoop Stress (Low Pressure Plastic Piping), CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Pipe Hydrotest Liquid Volume And Dose Rate, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Pipe Leak Test Gas Volume And Dose Rate, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Metal Pipe Diameter And Wall Thickness Schedule, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Table A-1 Low Pressure Metal Pipe Yield Stress Tensile Stress And Basic Allowable Stress Schedule, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Table K-1 High Pressure Metal Pipe Yield Stress Tensile Stress And Allowable Stress Schedule, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Pipe Test Pressure And Hoop Stress Check (General), CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Metal Pipe Maximum And Minimum Diameter Schedule, CALCULATOR : ASME B31.3 Section A328.2 Pipe Qualification Test Pressure (Low Pressure Plastic Piping), ttoltype : Wall Thickness Fabrication Tolerance Type, xfu : User Defined Negative Wall Thickness Fraction, tfu : User Defined Negative Wall Thickness Allowance, walltype : Hoop Stress Wall Thickness Type, St : User Defined Allowable Stress At Test Temperature, S : User Defined Allowable Stress At Design Temperature, Pru : User Defined Component Rated Pressure, OD/tn : Diameter Over Wall Thickness Ratio, Pt/P : Test Pressure Over Design Pressure Ratio, Sh/Sy : Hoop Stress Over Yield Stress Ratio ( 1), t* : Wall Thickness For Hoop Stress Calculation, tf : Wall Thickness Fabrication Allowance, dtoltype : Diameter Fabrication Tolerance Type, OD*/tn : Diameter Over Wall Thickness Ratio, c : Total Corrosion Allowance (Internal And External), DRu : User Defined Dimension Ratio SDR OR SIDR, St : User Defined Hydrostatic Design Stress At Test Temperature, S : User Defined Hydrostatic Design Stress At Design Temperature, HDB : Hydrostatic Design Basis At Test Temperature, Sh/HDB : Hoop Stress Over HDB Ratio ( 1), Rvu : User Defined Dose Volume Over Gas Moles Ratio, Rmu : User Defined Dose Mass Over Gas Moles Ratio, txu : User Defined Negative Wall Thickness Fraction, SMTSu : User Defined Specified Minimum Tensile Stress, SMYSu : User Defined Specified Minimum Yield Stress, S/SMTS : Basic Allowable Stress Over SMTS Ratio, S/SMYS : Basic Allowable Stress Over SMYS Ratio, hooptype : Hoop Stress Wall Thickness Type, OD/tn : Pipe Diameter Over Wall Thickness Ratio, Sh/SMYS : Hoop Stress Over Yield Stress Ratio, th : Hoop Stress Thickness (Pressure Containment), D/tn : Pipe Diameter Over Wall Thickness Ratio. Ensure the equipment tested by the competent person, prior to testing.