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He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in Worked a piece of land for a fixed share of the crop. endstream endobj 419 0 obj <>stream Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? many had borrowed form the merchants who forclosed on them when they could not pay. The sentence contains at least one complement. This show of weakness seemed to set the tone for Grants administration (1869-77) which, though it seemed to offer some promise to restore order and sanity to the South, actually accomplished very little in this realm. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( States had to ratify the 13th & 14th amendment, and enacted Military Control of Reconstruction with the Military Reconstruction Act. How would you evaluate corruption in the Reconstruction legislatures? Expert Help. What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north answer choices Time period after the Civil War Attempt to rebuild and reunite the North and South When 3 new amendments to the Constitution were passed All of the above! Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. What was the congressional response? Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? These research assistants will evaluate a series of documents (which in this activity will substitute for live interviews) representing a variety of views concerning the direction of Reconstruction policy regarding voting rights and the impact these views had or should have had on the politics of the nation. The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. What was the premise behind the sharecropping model of agriculture? Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream No. What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? Ryan read an exegesis of the cryptic poem because .. What is meant by the term Reconstruction? Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. CAm? Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. What happened to white small farmers during this time? In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. . Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. "Z~(Y9I,$iA4rHR2y"xBCDx!uF$P=C|# The Amnesty Act of 1872 completely flipped the script on Southern politics and halted the progress being made by Reconstruction efforts. bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o It forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", Northerners who went south in search for profits; Southners who supported the Republican governments in the South. The teacher may also wish to explain to the students the use of the word Negro in some of these documents. hb```c``e`f`xb,@($yQAI &l&a81r``Hs20A4 dUf ` African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. 5. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. Once each convention's elections were held for governor, state legislators, and members of Congress, the states would be readmitted to the Union. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. _ The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. This amendment prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (slavery). Southern Democrats who packed their bags and fled to the West and North to escape the progressive aims of Radical Reconstruction. The Command of the Army Act prevented the president from issuing orders to the military except through the general of the army, who at the time was Ulysses S. Grant; additionally, the commanding general could not be removed without the Senate's consent. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. And Black Americans continued to face acts of organized intimidation, mob violence, and murder because of their race. The official era of Reconstruction came to a close with the Compromise of 1877. They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. The teacher may wish to review these documents so as to be able to explain any difficult vocabulary or unfamiliar vernacular. Removing #book# EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo #o`9} }#9BNDo9L(]xA g|XW.o&pI.78DBjV]^;. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. The amendment also denies to anyone who had participated in rebellion against the United States or had given aid and comfort to those in rebellion the right to hold any national or state office, an exclusion intended to undercut Johnson's pardon policy and protect the rights of blacks, particularly those of former slaves and particularly their right to vote. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. WebReconstruction refers to the period 1) the period before the Civil War 2) the period after the Civil War 3) the era of civil rights movement 4) the era after the Revolutionary War 2. the What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. Fear of black rule. Which plan was the hardest on the South? Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction. (.EVDY(*BAwz{}}$awd$J7 IBFQ` In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. This meant that Southern governments frequently were in the hands of novices: for example, inexperienced (and sometimes illiterate) freedmen andworse yet, from the point of view of many Southern loyalistsNortherners who had moved in the wake of war to assist in the recovery effort. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? pF{:RTV Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends, Next `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. In this What problems were faced by the freed slaves? TQSCQIf@*$ What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? &!O3bsJ!WK^86QP91IDY LcB=G[s^P`~`AB)Pd~yfOqbS(ox2GWb{quG9sX }Lg U[* The term was used derisively by white Southern Democrats who opposed Reconstruction legislation. The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. Explain your choice. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional Learning Objectives Evaluate the successes and [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream Who were its members? WebActivity #2: Evaluating ReconstructionThe Fourteenth Amendment Directions: It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? He told the southern states to reject it. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. Finally, each state legislature had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed African Americans in 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? beOai4sA 'aKjlNa )u1d[I{4{[ @vKZtQUGm1)V8'. Hayes would be president with the understanding that he would deal 'justly' with the south (leave them alone and allow them to restore white supremacy. endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. (southern Democrats). B 9. Use the following abbreviations: DO for direct object, PN for predicate nominative, OC for objective complement, IO for indirect object, or PA for predicate adjective. No. corruption did not come to an end. (Ge,YAjB%f~&L uG0Bqw4$VFF[RN ;J_:;`' Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF his early supporters were farmers in east Tennessee who didn't own slaves. How did white Southerners view the Freedmen's Bureau? Did black legislatures outnumber whites in any state legislatures? Who was one of the first black representatives in the Georgia Assembly? The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union.